Elegaer, your photos are wonderful! I
love the goldcrest. And the leaves . . . . here is my own contribution to Iolanthe’s parts 2 & 3:
Backlit tree outside Katie Lea© marbretherese 2009
Saturday’s weather was glorious, right from the start. And, as Iolanthe has described, so was breakfast (you weren’t imagining Jonick with a Danish Pastry on his bacon. He didn’t have room on his tray for a side plate because it was stacked with juice, tea, and a bowl of cereal . . . ).
The more I find out about Tolkien’s Aunt Jane the more I like her. I was thrilled that she took photos of cows. Who’s to say they are meaningless

? She also gave all her cows names. In fact, the name of things seems to have been quite important to her : when she changed the name of Dormston Manor back to Bag End she was reverting to the name of the general area on the deeds in 1731 (this is a house that was mentioned in the Domesday Book and was extensively RE-built as far back as 1582 . . . ). Andrew Morton also made the point that the French ‘cul-de-sac’, which is often mentioned in connection with ‘Bag End’, did not come into usage until the early 1800’s. So ‘Bag End’ is a far older term, possibly stemming from the agricultural practice of ‘bagging’.
Unfortunately I can’t remember the name of Ruth’s other painting either. Perhaps Elegaer can?? There was a wonderful range of work in the Art Room, as well as the paintings and embroidery there was some truly beautiful jewellery - a version of the necklace of Girion in green stones (I’m assuming not really five hundred emeralds, given the absence of security guards) and another necklace (Nauglamir? I can’t remember, I really must start writing everything down!) of clear Swarovski crystals set in gold, cut so beautifully that if you moved even a few inches all the colours in the necklace changed. It was gorgeous!

Browsing in the Dealers’ Room© marbretherese 2009
By now Jonick was suffering from Book Deprivation so we left Iolanthe in the Art Room and headed for the Dealers. I really shouldn’t leave Jonick to his own devices on these occasions - I turned my back for five minutes and he bought a copy of Tolkien the Mediaevalist once owned by John Garth, plus three others, and had made friends for life with at least two of the booksellers . . .
Mid-morning we went to a very well-attended talk by Colin Durie - who has written various books on Tolkien - entitled
The Inklings in Wartime. This again was in the Old Library, which was an interesting room in itself. Colin started with a bit of a quiz: which pub did the Inklings frequent? (
Eagle & Child/Kings Arms/White Horse/Lamb & Flag). The answer of course was all four! And which of these four was the most influential? (Tolkien, Lewis, Barfield, Williams) Yes, all of them again!! He made the point that they talked and debated at the
Eagle &Child, but did not read their works aloud there - that was reserved for their rooms in college. During the war Tolkien was an Air Raid Warden while CSL lectured to RAF personnel. And of course it was the war which brought Williams to Oxford in the first place.
Colin read from a 1939 letter from Lewis to his brother Warnie, describing a typical Inklings meeting at that time : at which Tolkien read from
LoTR’, which he’d just restarted after a break - picking up somewhere around the Council of Elrond. Durie made the point that it’s the part of the book where themes of power and domination start to surface, along with a portrayal of evil as ‘reflected perverted science’ . At the same meeting Williams read from a nativity play whose major theme was that pride is the motivator of sin, perverting good (referring to the Third Reich) and Lewis from
The Problem of Pain, a theoretical treatise on evil, pain & suffering with immediate application to the war.
Durie reminded us that one of the central themes of
LoTR & the Sil is death, and that Tolkien wrote
Leaf by Niggle in 1942, referring to it as ‘my purgatorial story’ - the soul made ready for heaven. Other Inklings took up similar themes at this time; Lewis in particular wrote a lot about purgatory. He also said that Tolkien and Lewis regarded ‘technological devilry’ as a plot against mankind (in a 1944 letter to Christopher, Tolkien wrote that this was the first war of the machines and that “we will turn elves into orcs.” Interestingly, the Inklings are only now being acknowledged in the UK as a literary force; having been regarded as such in the US for many years.
bits and pieces in the Old Library
© marbretherese 2009
After the Music in Middle Earth talk and the stupendous lunch Jonick and I took a look around the LMH chapel. They have a fabulous triptych there by Burne-Jones, I’m hoping Iolanthe got a good shot of it because I didn’t . . .
in the Chapel, Lady Margaret Hall© marbretherese 2009
Then we headed for the University Parks in our hunt for Tolkien’s memorial bench and the Two Trees. The sun was beating down and we walked for ages, checking each bench whether people were sitting on them or not (they must have thought we were mad!). Several times we found likely-looking trees but no appropriate bench nearby. We toured virtually the whole park, with no success. Still, I did get some good photos:
Delights of the University Parks
© marbretherese 2009
It was such a lovely day we decided to skip the first lectures after lunch and headed into the LMH gardens where I sat and painted on the Iris Murdoch bench for a while and Jonick strolled about. We could hear the applause for Caspar Reiff’s talk drifting out over the garden. One or two other people were also playing hookey and enjoying the sunshine.
Delights of LMH grounds
© marbretherese 2009
Well, for the second year running Charles Bressler’s talk made me cry. He is such an excellent communicator, as Iolanthe has described. He wanted his audience to think and feel Tolkien’s vision for living, loving and believing, and cited a quote from Cardinal Newman that “the most personal is the most universal” ie that Tolkien’s work provides a permanent object of contemplation that is different for each person. He defined sociologists’ reasons why people become friends (physical, mental, emotional, desire) and discussed Sam & Frodo’s friendship in the light of these: eating, walking, sleeping and suffering together; sharing beliefs and goals such as destroying the Ring; shared memories of the Shire; brotherly love and a relationship with the universe. He also pointed out that any definition of friendship is vague and intangible at its basic core.
Bressler went on to say that people can’t enjoy life to the full without friends; it’s hard to laugh alone. Apparently there are more than 1200 instances of laughter in
LoTR! He also said that friendship is a matter for spirit, involving the heart as well as the intellect, and there is also an element of reciprocity: one will be greater and one lesser than the other in certain ways; in other ways that position will be reversed. He also referred to my own favourite moment in the movies (where Sam picks Frodo up on the slopes of Mount Doom and carries him) as “this is what it means to be a friend”. My hankie came out at this point because that bit of the films always makes me cry . . .
He reminded us that from a linguistic point of view the passive voice is used in pivotal key moments throughout the text of
LoTR eg Gandalf’s “Bilbo was left to find the Ring”. This resonated a lot with me because it conveys a sense of destiny which was one of the things that drew me into the book when I first read it. He posed the question “who is doing this action? Who is the Lord of the Rings? Could it be Iluvatar?” He described Sam in terms of Faith (Sam believes in the mission), Hope (Sam encourages Frodo) and Love (his actions go beyond self interest) and said that Sam becomes a model of grace, service and forbearance. It’s easy to love folk in a book but harder to be a Sam for folk, say, in the workplace. We all need a Sam and we all need our lives controlled by a force for good, like Sam.
Then Bressler spoke about tears. The tears when Sam and Frodo part. Gandalf’s:”Not all tears are evil”. There can be tears of shared vision, blessed realm, shared experience. How he hopes people will want to cry at his funeral because “oh how he loved” - that’s a life worth living. He said “Let me be like Sam - wholly loved”. (I could have howled by now. As Iolanthe mentioned, all three of us have recently lost a Sam in our lives . . . ). He finished by saying “In a world that believes you should go for gold, that there’s no right or wrong and no Iluvatar . . . there’s Sam.”
In the Q&A somebody made what I always think of as a journalist’s remark: that Sam didn’t always behave well (eg in his treatment of Gollum, his behaviour during the Scouring of the Shire). Bressler quite rightly replied that Tolkien had made Sam a rounded character, not perfect. (Personally, I think that encourages us to identify with Sam).
He also said that Sam refers to ‘Master Frodo’ throughout the book. The only time he calls him ‘Frodo’ is when he thinks he’s dead . . .
. . . . I really should have taken along more than one hankie !